Myths and stories of the sicilian Volcano
Mount Etna, with its grandeur and powerful eruptions, is one of the world’s most famous active volcanoes. While many know of its natural force and beauty, few are aware of the ancient legends of Etna that weave around this sacred and mysterious place. These stories, rooted in Greek mythology and Sicilian tradition, add a mystical dimension to the volcano. In this article, we explore some of the most captivating legends of Etna, uncovering how these myths have helped define the cultural and spiritual identity of the mountain.
The legend of Enceladus: the giant’s fury beneath Etna
The first of Etna’s legends is the tale of Enceladus, a powerful giant who aspired to overthrow Jupiter. According to legend, Jupiter, discovering Enceladus’s intentions, struck him down with a lightning bolt, imprisoning him beneath the volcano. From then on, it’s said that Mount Etna’s eruptions are fueled by Enceladus’s fury, as he continues to boil with anger beneath the mountain. Each lava flow and burst of smoke are seen as manifestations of the giant’s eternal struggle against his fate.
Hephaestus and the divine forge: the God of fire under Etna
Another of Etna’s most fascinating legends is that of Hephaestus, the Greek god of fire and metallurgy. Abandoned by his mother Hera due to his appearance, Hephaestus was raised by nymphs and became a master of metalworking. According to legend, Hephaestus established his forge in the depths of Etna, working with Cyclopes to craft divine weapons and jewelry. Many believe that the sounds and rumblings heard from Etna today are the sounds of Hephaestus’s hammer, tirelessly working in his underground forge.
The Pious brothers: the courage of Anapia and Amphinomos
One of the most moving stories linked to Mount Etna is the tale of the brothers Anapia and Amphinomos, two farmers from Catania known for their piety. During a sudden eruption that threatened to consume their home, the brothers chose to save their elderly parents. Miraculously, as they carried their parents to safety, the approaching lava flow split, sparing their lives. This story is a symbol of family devotion and love, leaving a mark on the island’s history with several oases near Catania that still bear the name Campi Pii (Pious Fields) in their honor.
Aci and Galatea: the tragic love story beneath Etna
Among Etna’s legends, the story of Aci and Galatea is perhaps the most romantic. Aci, a young shepherd, fell in love with the sea nymph Galatea. However, their happiness was short-lived. Polyphemus the Cyclops, who was also in love with Galatea, discovered the two lovers and, consumed by jealousy, killed Aci. Moved by pity, the gods transformed Aci’s blood into a river called Jaci. This descends towards the sea and gives its name to the numerous villages in the area. (Aci Castello, Aci Trezza, and Acireale). In this way, the love between Aci and Galatea remains eternal.
Typhoeus: the giant who holds up Sicily
Another towering figure in the legends of Etna is Typhoeus. A three-headed titan, born from Gaea herself, destined to avenge his mother against Zeus. In their battle, Typhoeus was defeated and imprisoned under Sicily, where he still lies today, his head under Etna and his limbs supporting the entire island. Each eruption of the volcano is seen as Typhoeus’s struggle to free himself. According to legend, he holds up Messina with his right hand and Pachino with his left, while his legs support Marsala, balancing the island of Sicily on his shoulders.
Colapesce: the sacrifice of a young hero
The story of Colapesce is one of the most beloved Sicilian legends. Nicola, known as Colapesce, was famous for diving for long periods in search of hidden treasures in the Mediterranean. His reputation reached Frederick II of Swabia, who decided to test him. After retrieving several objects thrown into the depths, Colapesce went even deeper and discovered that one of the three pillars supporting Sicily was damaged. He then chose to stay underwater to support the island, ensuring its survival. According to legend, Colapesce still holds up Sicily to this day, surfacing once every hundred years to admire the land he loves.
These legends give Mount Etna a symbolic depth that goes beyond its natural magnificence. Each legend represents a facet of this volcano’s power and beauty. Mount Etna is not only as a site of geological significance but as a symbol of Sicilian culture and tradition.